There are several types of inverters out there in market, however their circuits are usually complicated, so their value is excessive. Here’s a proposed low-cost inverter circuit based mostly on MOSFET IRF250, which will also be used as an emergency gentle.
The circuit is straightforward and due to this fact could be wired even on a breadboard. The creator’s prototype on a breadboard is proven in Fig. 1 whereas the circuit diagram is proven in Fig. 2.
The circuit contains step-down transformers X1 and X2, bridge rectifier BR1, 5V voltage regulator 7805 (IC1), 5V single-changeover relay RL1, and some different parts. Capacitors C1 via C3, related throughout the provision terminals, minimise ripples and different noise alerts. Transformer X2 is an abnormal step-down transformer that’s used right here for the reverse perform, that’s, to step up the voltage.
The circuit works on 5V DC, which is obtained via the 230V AC main to 9V, 500mA step-down transformer X1. The 230V AC mains is related to the first of X1 at CON1 within the circuit. The transformer’s 9V AC secondary is related to bridge rectifier BR1 for rectification and filtered by capacitor C1. The rectified and filtered voltage goes to IC LM7805 to get regulated 5V DC voltage for the circuit.
Within the inverter, this 5V DC is used to drive/energise relay RL1 when 230V AC mains provide is on the market. When RL1 is energised, its frequent level (pole) is related to NO level.
When AC mains provide stops, the relay’s frequent level (pole) will get related to NC level. This completes the connection of the load (bulb) through transformer X2, which is pushed by IRF250 energy MOSFET and 2N2222 transistors based mostly circuitry to generate AC from transformer X2.
So, working of the circuit is straightforward. Transformer X1 is used to drive the relay when 230V AC mains provide is on the market to energy the load (a bulb on this case). And when this provide goes off, transformer X2 is used to energy the load through its main—whereas its secondary is related to the battery and the oscillator circuit. Thus, the bulb at all times stays on.
Development and testing
The circuit could be assembled on a general-purpose PCB and enclosed in an appropriate field. Join 230V AC mains provide to main terminals of transformer X1 throughout CON1. Join the load (bulb) throughout CON2. The circuit is now prepared to make use of. The creator’s prototype assembled on a general-purpose PCB is proven in Fig. 3.
| Half Checklist | |
| Semiconductors: | |
| IC1 | – LM7805, 5V voltage regulator |
| D1 | – 1N4007 rectifier diode |
| BR1 | – 1A, bridge rectifier |
| IRF1, IRF2 | – IRF250 MOSFET |
| T1, T2 | – 2N2222 NPN transistor |
| Resistors (all 1/4-watt, ±5% carbon): | |
| R1, R4 | – 650-ohm |
| R2, R3 | – 12-kilo-ohm |
| Capacitors: | |
| C1 | – 1000µF, 50V electrolytic |
| C2, C3 | – 100nF ceramic disc |
| C4, C5 | – 2.2µF, 50V electrolytic |
| Miscellaneous: | |
| CON1-CON2 | – 2-pin connector |
| RL1 relay | – 5V, single changeover relay |
| Batt.1 | – 12V, 7Ah battery |
| X1 | – 230V AC main to 9V, 500mA secondary transformer |
| X2 | – 230V AC main to 12-0-12V, 5A secondary transformer |
| – Basic-purpose PCB/ Breadboard | |
| – 230V, 25W bulb (load) | |
| – Heatsinks for IRF250 |
Whereas assembling the circuit, use heavy-duty wires between the battery and transformer X2, and between the load and MOSFET, as they are going to be carrying larger present. Additionally, use heatsinks for the 2 MOSFETs.
EFY word. The design doesn’t have a charger circuit, so make sure that the battery is totally charged earlier than it’s used.
Rakesh Jain, with a grasp’s in VLSI, B.E. in electronics and communications, and diploma in electronics, is Assistant Professor in ECE Division of Geetanjali Institute of Technical Research, Udaipur. His analysis areas are sensors and microcontrollers; has 21 copyrights and three Indian patents to his credit score
