Lately some electrical bikes caught hearth resulting from failure of battery administration system due to poor battery design. Sadly, correct thermal administration shouldn’t be there in most electrical autos at current. So, here’s a undertaking to observe the battery temperature and smoke detection to alert the EV person and cease the EV effectively in time to keep away from additional harm. The authors’ prototype of the thermal administration system is proven in Fig. 1 and its block diagram is proven in Fig. 2.
Lithium-ion battery has a specified operational temperature of -20°C to +60°C. It’s going to present the longest service life if its temperature is all the time stored inside roughly 10°C to 40°C.
The proposed system, powered by a 12V battery, is constructed round ESP32 board (U1), temperature sensor DS18B20 (U2), smoke sensor MQ135 (U3), 16×2 LCD show (U4), 5V regulator LM7805 (U5), and some different elements. The SPDT change and potentiometer are linked to enter of ESP32 controller whereas I2C, 16×2 LCD show, buzzer, relay, and Arduino Blue Management utility are linked to its output. SPDT change S1 is for mode choice to show the present temperature or to configure the edge.
The Arduio IDE shouldn’t be able to program ESP board by default, so go to Board Supervisor and set up it. Set up the newest Arduino IDE library for the software program. Later set up the libraries wanted for interfacing the sensor. Right here DallasTemperature and LiquidCrystal are used for interfacing the sensor and show, so open Library Supervisor and set up these libraries.
Obtain the code for this undertaking and choose the port and board in Arduino IDE. Join the ESP32 to your laptop computer and press the Boot button to carry the ESP32 board in program importing mode after which add the code to ESP32 board. The code could be obtain utilizing the hyperlink.
Fig. 3: Circuit diagram of thermal administration system
Development and testing
After importing the supply code tms.ino into ESP32 board, join the elements as per circuit diagram in Fig. 3. Instead of the voltage regulator circuit a 5V battery or 5V DC adaptor can be utilized to energy the gadget. Relay connection prototype is proven in Fig. 5.
Fig. 4: Code snippet
Fig. 5: Relay connection prototype
Fig. 6: Testing the gadget in an EV
Fig. 7: Connecting Bluetooth
Fig. 8: Setting alarm
For putting in the circuit into an electrical automobile refer Fig. 6. For testing the undertaking refer Fig. 6 by means of Fig. 9. A Bluetooth terminal app is required to observe the battery temperature and smoke knowledge on cellphone. So, you could set up the Arduino Blue Management app in your cellphone.
Fig. 9: App show
Energy the gadget and join the app with Bluetooth. You’d now be capable of see the temperature of battery in app. Every time the temperature rises above the edge set, or any smoke is detected by sensor, the app offers an alert and cuts off energy provide to the automobile’s battery by means of the relay.
E.Venkatesan and M.Dinesh, Each E. Venkatesan (left) and M. Dinesh (proper) work as a Product Software Crew Lead in Qmax Check Gear Pvt Ltd and have an interest within the areas of IoT, BMS, wi-fi applied sciences, and embedded techniques.
Lately some electrical bikes caught hearth resulting from failure of battery administration system due to poor battery design. Sadly, correct thermal administration shouldn’t be there in most electrical autos at current. So, here’s a undertaking to observe the battery temperature and smoke detection to alert the EV person and cease the EV effectively in time to keep away from additional harm. The authors’ prototype of the thermal administration system is proven in Fig. 1 and its block diagram is proven in Fig. 2.
